Kindergarten teacher: official documents, daily routine and teacher responsibilities

Official documents

The responsibilities of a teacher can be divided into two categories: official and voluntary. Unlike the second point , which depends on the desire and dedication of the teacher, the official requirements for personnel according to the Federal State Educational Standard are presented in a number of documents:

Instructions with a full description of the responsibilities in accordance with which the teacher acts;
SanPiN requirements regarding sanitary conditions in the institution;
An employment contract drawn up between a preschool institution and an employee.

Everything that is described in these documents is the direct responsibilities of the kindergarten teacher.

Information from these legal documents provides for the fulfillment of his duties by the teacher in the following points:

Admission of children to the group . An important point is the direct participation of the parent during the group visit. If the mother left the child near the entrance, and the child tripped and broke his knee, then the blame in this case will fall not on the staff, but on the parent.
Organization of meals . If necessary, children should receive assistance during mealtimes. The youngest pupils need to be fed.
Organization of the “working” day . The teacher is responsible for the quality of the children’s time, conducting recommended activities, and maintaining the correct daily routine.
Providing comfortable conditions for sleep , as well as maintaining a rest regime.
Organization of walks , high-quality supervision of pupils.
End of the day, handing over of children to parents.

Can teachers visit students at home?

Practice shows that teachers are often required to visit schoolchildren at home, which causes outrage from both teachers and parents. Teachers believe that this is not part of their job responsibilities, and parents refer to Article 25 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, according to which the home is inviolable, and, therefore, no one has the right to enter the home against the will of the persons living in it except in cases established by federal laws , or based on a court decision.

In what cases do teachers visit children at home ? As a rule, teachers come to a student’s home in the following cases: - to teach sick children at home; — to draw up an inspection report on the living conditions of children from disadvantaged families; - to record children living in the school district; - for the class teacher to study the living conditions of the student in the family, especially children who are registered. Legal grounds for visiting children at home 1. Education of sick children at home is organized by the school on the basis of an application from parents in the presence of appropriate documents and is regulated by a regulatory document of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The school, together with the parents (legal representatives) of the student, develops a curriculum, class schedule, control schedule, personnel selection and is formalized by an administrative act of the head of the educational organization. Thus, in this case, visiting the student at home is carried out at the will of the parents. 2. In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 18, 2009 N 423, examination of families is carried out by the guardianship and trusteeship authority. If the guardianship and trusteeship authorities do not have or have insufficient organizational, personnel, technical and other capabilities, then some of their powers can be exercised, inter alia, by an educational organization, to which, in the prescribed manner, the authority of the guardianship and trusteeship body to identify minor citizens in need of assistance must be transferred. establishing guardianship or trusteeship over them, including examining the living conditions of such minor citizens and their families. These powers are exercised by educational organizations on a reimbursable or gratuitous basis in accordance with an agreement concluded with the guardianship and trusteeship authority. Thus, in order to draw up an act of examining the living conditions of a minor, the educational organization must have transferred authority from the guardianship and trusteeship authorities, formalized by the relevant agreement. If these conditions are not met, then teachers have no legal basis to visit the child at his place of residence, and parents may not allow them into their living quarters. Please note that in such cases the inspection report is not valid. 3. According to clause 6, part 1, article 9 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, registration of children subject to education in educational programs of preschool, primary general, basic general and secondary general education falls within the powers of local government bodies of municipal districts and urban districts in the field of education. The procedure for registering children who are subject to education is fixed by the normative act of these bodies (letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated October 22, 2014 N 06-974). As explained earlier in the letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 21, 2002 No. 419/28 -5, sources of information on the number of children subject to education can be: - data on registration at the place of residence or place of stay of the child; — children’s census data compiled by local pediatricians; — lists of children in specialized institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation, in temporary accommodation centers for internally displaced persons, temporary isolation centers for juvenile offenders of internal affairs bodies, treatment and preventive and other children's institutions; as well as lists of children compiled during inspections of school neighborhoods (yards, houses, apartments) by employees of educational institutions together with employees of internal affairs bodies, representatives of public and other organizations. Please note that tours of school districts can be carried out by teachers together with employees of internal affairs bodies, representatives of public and other organizations. As we see, in this case, if the teacher came to the parents alone, they have the right not to invite him to their living quarters. 4. According to the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated 02/03/2006 N 21, the class teacher is responsible for “ensuring communication between the educational institution and the family”, establishing contacts with parents (legal representatives) of students, providing them with assistance in raising students (personally, through a psychologist, social teacher , additional education teacher). At the same time, the order does not indicate that for this purpose the class teacher is obliged to visit the families of students. Thus, parents, on completely legal grounds, have the right not to allow the class teacher into their living quarters.

Schedule

Daily routine in preschool:

The teacher's work shift begins when the first child comes to the group. Before accepting children into kindergarten, the teacher must make sure that the child is in perfect order. If there are doubts about his well-being, the teacher can contact the medical center for help or inform the parents that the baby should be taken home.
After all group members have been received, exercise begins, during which the teacher must motivate the children to take active action.
After a short warm-up, the children will have breakfast. During meals, the teacher helps the children eat. The little ones need help, so they need to be fed.
Throughout the day, the teacher monitors compliance with the correct regime.
Walks are carried out in good weather and the time must comply with the norms. Before the walk begins, the teacher helps those who don’t know how to get dressed and counts the students.
Upon returning from a walk, as a rule, it is time for lunch and nap.
The end of the working day is the handing over of the children to their parents. The responsible teacher should communicate with mothers, briefly describing the “working” day of the kids. If the teacher has comments about the child’s behavior, they must be voiced.

Family visit by teacher. Parenting

Margarita Oborotova

Family visit by teacher. Parenting

Work with parents is included as a mandatory section in the plan of educational work . All its forms are planned: group meetings, reports and conversations, consultations, home visits , means of visual pedagogical propaganda (design of stands, corners for parents, etc.)

.
The plan indicates the timing, topics of group conversations and reports, an approximate schedule for visiting families (clarifications can be made during the year, records are kept of work with parents, visits , consultations; questions asked by parents are recorded. Analysis of these materials will help the teacher children’s behavior and ensure a unified approach to the child, determine which families’ experience should be popularized, which families need the help of a kindergarten. The educator should be aware of the published pedagogical literature on the issues of raising young children in the family educator can help with this children's institution . It is useful to organize a discussion of books and articles from the magazine "Preschool
Education " on the issues
of raising young children .
Visiting the family is a mandatory and necessary form of work with parents of young children . the teacher should visit families at the very beginning of the year . With parents, whose children are just entering the nursery, it is necessary to agree before the child’s first visit what time is best to bring and pick him up, find out about his skills, habits, tastes, in order to take all this into account on the first day. Even if a child of the second year attended a nursery (nursery-kindergarten), the new teacher needs to get to know him at home. The teacher tells the parents about the daily routine and methods of education in kindergarten , asks the parents to adhere to them at home. During the year, the teacher repeatedly visits the families of some of his pupils , first of all, those families in which, in his opinion, the child is not given the necessary attention, as well as those in which the child is overprotected and pampered.If a child comes to the group excited or, on the contrary, lethargic, the teacher finds out when visiting the family , what is the child’s lifestyle at home, strongly advises what needs to be changed. In cases where parents complain that the child does not fall asleep for a long time in the evening, does not want to go to bed, the teacher finds out how he spends the evening time, recommends not to overstimulate the baby before when going to bed, draws the attention of adult family members to the fact that the transition from wakefulness to sleep should be gradual. It is necessary to re- visit those children who are often sick. In this case, easily removable reasons are often identified: the child is wrapped up excessively, the room where he is is not ventilated . It is clear that children accustomed to such hothouse conditions catch colds easily. Group parent meetings are held once every 2-3 months. 4-5 meetings per year are quite sufficient to discuss the most important psychological, pedagogical and medical issues with the entire composition of parents, provided that they are systematically held individually (or with small groups of parents)

conversations, consultations, and daily close contact with family members
of group students .
Working with parents Raising children

Pedagogical education of parents whose children attend early age groups is a mandatory component of the work of preschool institutions. Parents need to be given knowledge about the age-related psychophysical characteristics, tasks, content and methods of raising children of the first and second year of life in order to ensure a unified approach to raising a child in a preschool institution and family . of educators on a child is a necessary condition for his timely, comprehensive development.

For this purpose, parental education is organized. Pedagogical education should cover all families in the microdistrict , i.e., those parents whose children do not attend nurseries or kindergartens . Dissemination of knowledge among the population about the upbringing of young children is of particular importance in connection with the reform of the general education school, since preparing a child for schooling and for future adult life begins at an early age, when the foundations for the child’s physical and mental health and all-round development are laid. physical and spiritual strength. How a child will open up when he gets older, what his relationships with people around him will be, largely depends on whether adults will have to develop and continue what they taught the baby , or whether there will be a need to catch up, “break”

entrenched.
Young parents who do not have pedagogical knowledge often harm their child’s upbringing without meaning to. The teacher must reveal to them the basic principles of early childhood pedagogy and answer all the parents’ “how”
and
“why”
.
Some young parents, especially those with their first child, sometimes not only lack pedagogical knowledge, but also have no idea about its necessity. There is a fairly widespread opinion among them that a small child only needs good care, and his upbringing is a matter of the future . The teacher of a child care institution is called upon to convince parents of the importance of proper, targeted upbringing of a child from the first days of his life. The specificity of the work of early childhood educators of children in the first two years of life. The rapid pace of development of children of education and daily routine more often than in the future . Therefore, more frequent (compared to preschool groups)
communication between teachers and
families , during which parents become acquainted with the new things that should be introduced into the upbringing of a child at each successive age level. Since individual differences in the pace of development are especially pronounced in the first years of a child’s life, along with general forms of work with parents, a large place is given to individual ones. Special attention should be paid to those parents whose children began to attend a child care institution time, in order to jointly facilitate the child’s adaptation process. Since the groups are completed in such a way that they may include children of different age subgroups, each of which has its own daily routine and some features of education , it is advisable to work with parents in a differentiated manner, uniting them in accordance with the age of the children (except for general meetings of parents of all
children in the group ) .

Group and individual conversations with parents Raising children » The second year of a child’s life

The teacher also devotes group and individual conversations of children in the family . He pays special attention to the development of movements and motor activity of the baby, introduces parents to the age-related characteristics of the development of movements, what skills the child should acquire during early childhood and at what age. The teacher reveals the importance of physical activity for the child’s body. He talks with those parents whose children are lagging behind in the development of movements individually, finds out the reasons for this, and provides the necessary assistance.

Some parents, fearing that their baby will catch a cold, avoid ventilating the living room and arbitrarily reduce the time spent walking. In conversations about the daily routine, you need to pay attention to the walk, advise parents on how to organize it so that the child not only moves, but also receives a variety of impressions that are important for his mental development. The teacher warns parents against being overly enthusiastic about strollers, in which children who can walk sometimes spend too much time. He advises parents to provide the child with the opportunity to move independently and in a variety of ways: walk on uneven surfaces, step over small obstacles, climb small hills, etc. n. To cover issues related to hardening, nutrition, massage, gymnastics, it is advisable to involve medical personnel. The doctor or nurse should talk to the parents about dressing the child according to the season. The teacher their children’s sleep, wakefulness and feeding . Mothers should be warned against motion sickness, pacifiers, which are often used to soothe a crying baby, and sometimes they pump or give a pacifier without any need, considering a pacifier an obligatory attribute of a baby. The teacher draws the parents' attention to the fact that these means can calm the child only for a short time, since crying, as a rule, has some reason that needs to be eliminated. If a child is rocked to sleep, given a pacifier for any reason or without it, he develops bad habits and new reasons for crying arise. A child’s crying is a signal about his poor health, perhaps malnutrition, a discrepancy between his daily routine and his individual characteristics, etc. The teacher should help the mother establish the reason for the child’s frequent crying, and if necessary, involve a doctor for consultation. There are parents who believe that as long as the child does not speak, he does not need communication, it is enough for him that he is fed, lies in a dry, warm bed, and bright rattles are hung above his crib. It is necessary to explain to parents how important it is for a child’s development to talk and play. A special consultation should be held on children’s : tell them how to organize them, what toys to buy, how an adult should stimulate the child’s actions with them. It must be emphasized that parents should take care of the child’s nervous system, not overtire him, and devote as much time to play and communication with the child as is provided for by the daily routine.

Conversations with parents about the health and development of children Raising children

Issues of protecting and promoting children's , physical development and education should be the focus of the teacher's when organizing pedagogical education for parents. Sample topics for conversations on physical education :

1. Objectives of physical education of young children and features of their physical development.

2. Daily routine and its meaning.

3. Development of motor skills and motor activity.

4. Formation of hygiene skills and habits.

5. Organization of walks with children.

Issues of physical education can also be reflected in the corner for parents. Here indicators of physical development are placed (weight, height of children , indicators of movement development, daily routine indicating which of the children lives according to this regimen, recommendations for feeding children at home , indicators of mastering hygienic skills. At group meetings, in individual conversations, parents should be familiarized with tasks, content and methods of mental education ... At the beginning of the year, a conversation is held in which the teacher tells what tasks for the mental development of children of this age are facing the kindergarten and family ... Parents are introduced to how and what they should do with their child in order to promote his development perception , thinking, memory, observation, tell what activities are conducted in kindergarten.You should especially focus on the correct selection of toys, since it is in this matter that parents make many mistakes, buying expensive toys, but not corresponding to the developmental tasks of a child of this age. Considering that in families adults often “ adjust”

under the child’s pronunciation, they distort words, abuse words in a diminutive form,
the teacher advises talking to children measuredly, pronouncing words correctly and clearly, and using so-called lightweight words (for example, “kisa”
,
“ava”
, etc.) at the same time with the correct naming of an object or action.
He advises teaching children to follow adults in pronouncing words and phrases, asking and answering questions. Introduces parents to the program requirements for children's . Since the pace of speech development in young children the teacher does not limit himself to a report at a general meeting and conducts a conversation with groups of parents whose children have the same level of speech development, as well as individual ones with those parents whose children are lagging behind in speech development.
He introduces parents to classes that are conducted with children on speech development. It is useful to set up a special stand dedicated to the content and methods of speech development; in the corner for parents, place age-related indicators of speech development so that parents can correlate them with the child’s real achievements. Approximate topics of conversations on mental education and speech development :

Tasks, content and methods of mental education of young children .

How and what to do with your child at home to promote his mental development.

What toys should I buy for my baby?

Tasks and methods of speech development.

Indicators of speech development in a young child.

Exercises with paired pictures, lotto “Wonderful bag”

Daytime nap

Sleeping in kindergarten is a separate issue. Many parents worry whether the rules of recreation in the preschool that their child attends are followed.

It should be noted that parents have the right to see in what conditions the child studies and rests. If you wish, you can enter the bedroom and other rooms.

Children with sensitive sleep, as well as those who take longer to fall asleep, are usually prepared for bed first. These babies are the last to be woken up. If there are children of different ages , then it is customary to raise older students earlier.

During daytime sleep, one of the staff must be present in the bedroom. You can't leave children alone.

Responsibilities of the teacher

In addition to organizing the day, meals and sleep, the teacher is obliged to provide children with favorable conditions for upbringing and learning. Throughout the day, children should participate in active games, recreational activities and educational activities.

On holidays, a special program is held, for which children prepare in advance. Music directors and physical education instructors take part in preparing the performances.

The teacher's daily responsibilities include finding a common language with each individual child . Education is based on an understanding of the temperaments and characters of children, on the basis of which the teacher finds an individual approach to children.

And also special attention is paid to respectful attitude towards the child . This does not mean that the teacher should tiptoe around the students. The goal of his work should be to develop a respectful attitude towards all members of the group: children learn to respect adults, and elders listen to kids.

Naturally, each individual teacher has individual experience in communicating with children, as well as his own method of education. Qualities such as sensitivity, attentiveness and patience are a sign not of simply fulfilling professional duties, but an advantage of people who work according to their vocation.

how to protect a teacher

Regarding the children of my acquaintances, I am in favor of treating them in approximately the same way as I would treat adults. That is, I have no right to teach, no right to make comments from the position of the mother of these children. But I have the right, even if I see an adult who bothers me, behaves inappropriately, is noisy, etc., I have the right to express how inconvenient it is for me, how much his behavior violates the norms of decency, etc.

In principle, if this behavior is within the framework of social norms, you just don’t like it - for example, children on the playground are running around and making loud noise - this is within the framework of social norms. This means that a nanny will go to the playground and the noise won’t bother her, but I won’t go there. It is clear that I will not say anything to the parents and these children.

It’s another matter if the child is aggressive - then I have to tell the parents that their child is aggressively attacking mine, just not in the format of an accusation, but in the format of “I’m worried, I’m worried, I’m upset” (remember Gippenreiter and “I-messages”) . And only if that parent is unable to influence the child, you can and have the right to protect your child.

Here, of course, someone will judge me, but in a situation when my child was bitten by another child in the kindergarten until he had a bruise - to the point of teeth marks, and those parents and the teacher could not influence it, then I squatted down and looked honestly in the eyes of this little guy and said: “If you touch my son again, I will take these pliers and pull out all your teeth so that you have nothing with which to bite.” He still bit other children after that, but not mine. “Got it” the first time.

And in this situation, I don’t care about the hallucinations that I could somehow injure him or something else. No, I protected my son, I set a clear and understandable boundary for a small child, that my child cannot be bitten - I will not allow him to be offended. And I don't think it was meant to be traumatic or anything like that. - this is a normal warning about the consequences.

If the children are within the limits of social interaction, then I will not make comments or ask somehow through the parents, very carefully - with “I-messages”. If they violate social norms and rules, then I will talk as if I were an adult, as if he were a guy of about 18, for example, or a girl. That is, it will be a respectful, clear, but unambiguous message on the topic of what is uncomfortable for me, how uncomfortable I am, why I am uncomfortable - and a reference to social norms and rules.

Of course, this is not about two-year-old children. If we are talking about children who are one or two years old, then they are still inadequate, so to speak. Tell them, don’t tell them, but there’s no point—it won’t affect their behavior in any way. In this sense, do not go to those “guests” where the children behave absolutely terribly.

Chat: “And how did that boy’s parents react?”

I think it’s unlikely that he told them this, so they didn’t react at all. But before that, the teachers tried to explain to him that biting was forbidden, and they asked his parents, etc. But there the parents had a conflict with each other, almost a divorce, and therefore the child behaved very, very aggressively with other children - because of problems in the family.

But to me my children are more important than other people's. Like a normal female, I will first of all protect my cubs. And therefore, the fact that his parents in the family are divorcing is not interesting to me. I am interested in my child returning from kindergarten not bitten, not with huge bruises with teeth marks on the edges, but healthy and whole. Therefore, in this situation, I believe that if educators are not able to protect my child, and those parents are not able to influence theirs, then it’s time for me to intervene.

Here I would share the immediate danger, for example, to health, and would intervene quite harshly, and just some personal characteristics, like my intolerance to children's noise. So I didn’t go to the playgrounds - I sent the children with a nanny. My children go and go to entertainment centers with someone else. I can buy tickets, but I'm sending another adult. Because being in such noise makes me uncomfortable. So you just need to differentiate how calmly you can relate to children’s behavior and children’s manifestations.

Responsibilities of a junior teacher

The position of a junior teacher in the garden requires compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the group:

cleaning the premises where pupils spend the day;
wet cleaning of the bedroom at the end of the day;
change of bed linen once a week and unscheduled if necessary;
carrying out general cleaning using disinfectants once a month;
cleaning equipment, toys and washing dishes;
ventilation of the room and cleaning of work surfaces;
maintaining cleanliness in restrooms.

In addition, the junior teacher helps the senior teacher with daily activities: feeding, getting ready for a walk, going to bed. The assistant senior teacher instills self-care skills in children, teaches the basics of personal hygiene and the rules of good behavior.

While the main job of the teacher is teaching and maintaining the daily routine, the junior teacher plays the role of a nanny.

Does a night teacher in an educational institution have the right to sleep during night shifts?

1. He has the right to sleep,

Job description of an assistant teacher of the night shift [name of educational organization] This job description was developed and approved in accordance with the provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”, section “Qualification characteristics of employee positions Education" Unified Qualification Directory of Positions of Managers, Specialists and Employees, approved. by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated August 26, 2010 N 761 n, and other regulations governing labor relations. 1. General provisions 1.1. The assistant teacher of the night shift belongs to the educational support staff and is directly subordinate to [name of the position of the immediate supervisor]. 1.2. A person with secondary (complete) general education and professional training in the field of education and pedagogy is accepted for the position of assistant teacher of the night shift without presenting any work experience requirements. 1.3. For the position of assistant teacher of the night shift in accordance with the requirements of Art. 351.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, a person is appointed who does not have or has not had a criminal record, who has not been or has not been subject to criminal prosecution (with the exception of a person against whom criminal prosecution was terminated on rehabilitative grounds) for crimes against life and health, freedom, honor and dignity of the individual (for with the exception of illegal placement in a psychiatric hospital, slander and insult), sexual integrity and sexual freedom of the individual, against family and minors, public health and public morality, the foundations of the constitutional order and state security, as well as against public safety. 1.4. An assistant teacher on the night shift must know: - laws and other regulations governing educational activities; — Convention on the Rights of the Child; — fundamentals of pedagogy, psychology, developmental physiology, hygiene, pre-medical care, child rights, theory and methods of educational work; — rules for protecting the life and health of pupils, child care; — sanitary and hygienic standards for the maintenance of premises, equipment, inventory; — internal labor regulations of the educational organization; — labor protection and fire safety rules. 1.5. An assistant teacher on the night shift is appointed to the position and dismissed from it by order of [name of the manager's position]. 2. Job responsibilities Night shift teacher assistant: 2.1. Participates in planning and organizing the life activities of students. 2.2. Under the guidance of a teacher, carries out daily work that ensures the creation of conditions for their socio-psychological rehabilitation, social and labor adaptation. 2.3. Together with medical workers and under the guidance of a teacher, he ensures the preservation and strengthening of the health of pupils, carrying out activities that contribute to their psychophysical development, and their adherence to the daily routine. 2.4. Organizes, taking into account the age of students, self-care work, their compliance with labor protection requirements, and provides them with the necessary assistance. 2.5. Participates in the prevention of deviant behavior and bad habits among students. 2.6. Ensures the sanitary condition of premises and equipment. 2.7. Interacts with parents of students (persons replacing them). 2.8. At the time established by the work schedule, he accepts duty from the teacher, pupils on the list and carries out educational functions and supervision of pupils until the transfer of morning duty. 2.9. Ensures compliance with the rights and freedoms of each student. 2.10. Ensures the safety, protection of life and health of pupils, supervision and care for them at night. 2.11. Ensures the safety of property and equipment on the territory of the organization entrusted to him during the period of duty. 2.12. Ensures compliance with discipline by students [specify time period]. 2.13. If pupils violate discipline and public order, he calls representatives of the organization’s administration or the police. 2.14. Maintains the necessary documentation (about admission and delivery of duty, about violators of discipline, about sick students, etc.). 2.15. Complies with labor protection and fire safety regulations. 2.16. Calls representatives of the relevant services in case of fire, problems with the water supply or sewerage system, power supply, etc. 2.17. If necessary, takes measures to evacuate students during liquidation of the consequences of accidents. 2.18. [Other job responsibilities]. 3. Rights of the employee The assistant teacher of the night shift has the right: 3.1. For all social guarantees provided for by law. 3.2. Get acquainted with draft management decisions relating to its activities. 3.3. On issues within his competence, submit proposals for the management's consideration to improve the organization's activities and work methods, as well as options for eliminating existing shortcomings in the organization's activities. 3.4. Request personally or on behalf of management from structural divisions and specialists information and documents necessary to perform their job duties. 3.5. Require the creation of conditions for the performance of professional duties, including the provision of the necessary equipment, inventory, workplace that complies with sanitary and hygienic rules and regulations, etc. 3.6. [Other rights provided for by the Labor legislation of the Russian Federation]. 4. Responsibility of the employee The assistant teacher of the night shift is responsible for: 4.1. For violation of the charter of an educational organization. 4.2. For improper performance or failure to fulfill one’s job duties as provided for in this job description, within the limits determined by the labor legislation of the Russian Federation. 4.3. For offenses committed in the course of carrying out their activities - within the limits determined by the administrative, criminal and civil legislation of the Russian Federation. 4.4. For causing material damage - within the limits determined by the labor and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.

According to Du (job description)

2. Regarding the prayer of Muslims. They pray 10 times a day.

—Where to pray in the workplace?

Providing sanitary, medical and preventive services to employees of organizations in accordance with labor protection requirements is the responsibility of the employer. For these purposes, the organization, in accordance with established standards, must be equipped with sanitary facilities, rooms for eating, rooms for providing medical care, rooms for rest during working hours and psychological relief.

You can perform namaz in these premises, and if they are not at the enterprise, then you have the right to demand the creation of such premises. The employer’s refusal to comply with your requests is a serious violation of labor legislation for the enterprise and its management and entails significant sanctions from the state.

— What rights do Muslims have under the law to comply with religious orders in hospitals, maternity hospitals and other medical institutions?

Muslims have the rights and opportunities to comply with religious regulations in hospitals and maternity hospitals. If desired, it is possible to perform prayers and even conduct Friday (Juma) prayers. Religious organizations (except for religious groups) have the right to conduct religious ceremonies in medical, preventive and hospital institutions at the request of the citizens in them in premises specially allocated by the administration for these purposes. These opportunities are provided in accordance with clause 3. Article 16 of the Federal Law “On freedom of conscience and religious associations.”

The rules of staying in hospitals do not prohibit performing prayers, but there are restrictions on observing sleep and rest patterns. Violation may result in denial of medical services.

Article 30 of the “Fundamentals of the Legislation of the Russian Federation on the Protection of the Health of Citizens” defines the right to “admission to any patient of a clergyman, and in a hospital institution - to provide conditions for the performance of religious rites, including the provision of a separate room, if this does not violate the internal regulations of the hospital institutions." That is, according to this article, every person who professes Islam has every right to pray, etc., during times free from procedures, diagnostic procedures, rounds. The main thing is that this does not violate the hospital’s routine. You must try to do everything by agreement and find a compromise with your doctor and medical staff.

3. Freedom of religion, in our opinion, is not a legal norm, but more of a moral norm, because in relation to a person’s beliefs and thoughts, it is impossible to apply state coercive measures in the form of punishment or censure until these beliefs have become the reason for the person’s actual actions. A person’s actions based on his beliefs are a legal fact and can be assessed in accordance with the legislation of any state. There are no precedents in Russia that fully confirm the fact of punishing a person for his religion, but there are facts of oppression of believers for their actual actions to spread religious beliefs.

For believers in our country, practical opportunities to act and live in accordance with religious beliefs are of interest. In Russia there are legal methods that allow you to implement some Sharia norms in everyday life.

For example, it is possible to create Muslim religious organizations, associations and religious groups. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the organization of religious associations in the form of legal entities occurs in a declarative manner, although there are cases of informal pressure on the permissive principle.

Of course, the creation of religious organizations is not an easy matter and requires certain skills in conducting constructive negotiations both with centralized religious organizations (in our case, these are the spiritual administrations of Muslims) and with local authorities. But with the desire and due perseverance in achieving the goal, it is possible to create Muslim organizations even without the participation of the muftiates.

The easiest way to unite Muslims to jointly worship and spread Islam is to organize a religious group. This form of association allows you to get the opportunity to create your own mosque and madrasah without registering a legal entity in any locality in one day. We recommend using this form of unification of Muslims.

With the exception of an insignificant part of civil legislation, Muslims in Russia have the opportunity to conduct commercial affairs according to norms that do not contradict Sharia, by concluding appropriate contracts with certain conditions. Also in Russia, it is permissible to conduct credit, financial and investment transactions with many banks according to norms that do not contradict Islamic law, by drawing up and concluding appropriate forms of agreements. These forms of cooperation with banks completely exclude the use of interest on loans, which is forbidden in Islam.

It seems that the exception for Muslims in Russia is the practical impossibility of observing their rights under Islamic criminal law, therefore I urge all fellow believers to make efforts to avoid being participants in a criminal process, either as a victim or as a defendant.

Interesting, from the point of view of Russian legislation, is the fact that it is possible to comply with the requirements for the division of inheritance according to norms that do not contradict Islamic law, by drawing up wills in a certain form. We are currently actively studying this topic.

In general, in order to competently take advantage of your rights and existing opportunities in Russia, you need to ask the opinion of an Islamic scholar on an issue of interest, and then ask lawyers about the possibility of realizing your ideas by giving them a legal form that does not contradict Sharia.

Controversial issues

In words, the job responsibilities of a kindergarten teacher look simple and understandable. A completely different picture emerges when controversial issues arise, which often arise between parents and kindergarten staff.

Parents often complain on forums that the child is given too little attention, is forced to eat, or is not kept clean. In such situations, it is advised to take into account that there are more than a dozen children in the group, and not a single teacher will be able to keep track of everyone every minute.

Therefore, if an unpleasant situation happened once, there is no need to complain. If the incident is repeated systematically, parents are recommended to talk with the teacher in the form of a request. In most cases, the teacher accepts parents' comments with understanding and monitors the student in accordance with your wishes.

If the problem goes beyond unwashed hands, it needs to be sorted out at the administration level. a child was injured or suffered moral damage while in kindergarten , this must be certified, for example, by calling an ambulance. Only in this case will parents be able to receive compensation from the preschool institution. In this case, the administration will deal with the teacher.

If a child receives moral damage, you should contact the head of the kindergarten. The application must be in writing and fully describe the situation in a correct form.

Before you complain about a kindergarten teacher, consider the enormous amount of work that person does every day. Instead of reproaching the staff for lack of attention to the child, teach your child to make friends with peers, and if your baby returns with his socks turned inside out, teach your child to dress himself. Most problems that arise can be resolved peacefully, because most teachers are also parents.